elektrolüüsiks

Elektrolüüsiks is a chemical process that uses an electric current to drive an otherwise non-spontaneous chemical reaction. This process is often referred to as electrolysis. In essence, it involves passing an electric current through a substance called an electrolyte, which is typically a molten ionic compound or an aqueous solution containing dissolved ions. The electric current causes the ions in the electrolyte to migrate towards the electrodes. Positively charged ions, or cations, move towards the negatively charged electrode (cathode), where they gain electrons and are reduced. Negatively charged ions, or anions, move towards the positively charged electrode (anode), where they lose electrons and are oxidized.

The primary components of an electrolytic cell are the electrodes, the electrolyte, and a power source. The electrodes are usually made of conductive materials and are immersed in the electrolyte. The power source provides the direct current necessary to facilitate the chemical changes. Common applications of electrolysis include the production of elements like aluminum, chlorine, and sodium hydroxide. It is also used for electroplating, where a thin layer of one metal is deposited onto another, and for water splitting to produce hydrogen and oxygen. The efficiency and outcome of electrolysis depend on factors such as the type of electrolyte, the voltage applied, and the electrode materials.