elektrokemijske

Elektrokemijske (electrochemical) processes involve the interconversion of chemical and electrical energy. These processes are fundamental to various technologies, including batteries, fuel cells, and electroplating. Elektrokemijske reactions occur at the interface between an electrode and an electrolyte, where electrons are transferred between the electrode and the electrolyte species.

In a typical elektrokemijska cell, an oxidation reaction occurs at the anode, releasing electrons that flow through an external circuit to the cathode, where a reduction reaction takes place. The electrolyte facilitates the transport of ions between the anode and cathode. The overall reaction is the sum of the oxidation and reduction half-reactions.

Batteries are a common application of elektrokemijske processes. They store chemical energy and convert it to electrical energy upon demand. Primary batteries are non-rechargeable, while secondary batteries can be recharged through the application of an external electrical current.

Fuel cells are another important application, converting the chemical energy of a fuel (such as hydrogen) directly into electrical energy through an elektrokemijska reaction. They are highly efficient and produce water as a byproduct, making them an attractive option for clean energy.

Electroplating is a process where a metal is deposited onto a conductive surface using an elektrokemijska reaction. This technique is used to enhance the appearance, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance of objects.

The study of elektrokemijske processes is crucial for the development of new energy storage and conversion technologies, as well as for understanding the corrosion behavior of materials. Researchers continue to explore novel materials and designs to improve the efficiency and longevity of elektrokemijska devices.