elektroimpedanssianalyysiä

Elektroimpedans, also known as electrical impedance, is a measure of the opposition that a circuit presents to a current when a voltage is applied. It is a complex quantity that combines the effects of resistance and reactance in an AC circuit. Electrical impedance is denoted by the symbol Z and is expressed in ohms (Ω). It is the reciprocal of electrical admittance.

In a purely resistive circuit, the impedance is equal to the resistance (Z = R). In a purely capacitive circuit, the impedance is inversely proportional to the frequency (Z = 1/(jωC)), where j is the imaginary unit, ω is the angular frequency, and C is the capacitance. In a purely inductive circuit, the impedance is directly proportional to the frequency (Z = jωL), where L is the inductance.

The impedance of a circuit can be measured using an impedance analyzer or an LCR meter. It is an important parameter in the design and analysis of electrical circuits, particularly in AC circuits where the impedance can vary with frequency.

Elektroimpedans is a fundamental concept in electrical engineering and is used in a wide range of applications, including power systems, telecommunications, and biomedical engineering. It is also used in the study of biological tissues and cells, where it is known as bioimpedance. In this context, impedance spectroscopy is used to study the electrical properties of biological materials.