elektroanalyysi

Elektroanalyysi is a Finnish term that translates to electroanalysis in English. It refers to a group of analytical chemistry techniques that involve the use of electrochemical measurements to determine the properties or concentration of a substance. These techniques are widely used in various fields, including environmental monitoring, clinical diagnostics, industrial quality control, and research.

The fundamental principle behind electroanalysis is the interaction between an analyte (the substance being analyzed) and an electrode. This interaction can result in an electrical signal that is proportional to the analyte's concentration or its electrochemical properties. Common electrochemical measurements include potential, current, charge, and impedance.

Several distinct electroanalytical methods exist, each with its own specific applications and advantages. Voltammetry, for instance, involves measuring the current that flows through an electrochemical cell as the potential applied to a working electrode is systematically varied. Amperometry, on the other hand, measures the current at a constant applied potential. Potentiometry measures the potential difference between two electrodes in an electrochemical cell without a significant flow of current. Conductometry measures the electrical conductivity of a solution, which is related to the concentration of ions present.

The versatility and sensitivity of electroanalytical methods make them valuable tools for quantitative and qualitative analysis. They often require relatively simple and inexpensive instrumentation, and can be performed on small sample volumes. The ability to perform in-situ measurements and their potential for miniaturization have also contributed to their widespread adoption.