ekspresjonist

Ekspresjonism, also known as Expressionism, is a movement in art, literature, and music that emerged in the early 20th century, particularly in Germany. It was a reaction against the naturalism and realism of the late 19th century, emphasizing subjective emotion, distortion, and abstraction. The term "ekspresjonism" comes from the Norwegian word "ekspresjon," meaning expression.

Expressionist artists sought to convey the inner feelings and experiences of individuals, often using distorted forms and exaggerated emotions. They rejected traditional artistic techniques and sought to break free from the constraints of academic training. Instead, they drew inspiration from personal emotions, dreams, and the subconscious mind.

In visual arts, Expressionism is characterized by its use of bold colors, dynamic brushstrokes, and distorted forms. It emerged in Germany around 1905 and was closely associated with the Der Blaue Reiter (The Blue Rider) group, founded by Wassily Kandinsky and Franz Marc. Key figures in Expressionist painting include Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Emil Nolde, and Oskar Kokoschka.

In literature, Expressionist writers such as Franz Kafka, Georg Trakl, and Alfred Döblin explored themes of alienation, anxiety, and the human condition. Their works often featured fragmented narratives, stream-of-consciousness, and a focus on the psychological and emotional states of characters.

In music, Expressionism was represented by composers like Arnold Schoenberg and his pupils, who developed the twelve-tone technique and explored dissonance and atonality. Expressionist music often featured intense emotions and a departure from traditional harmony.

Expressionism had a significant impact on modern art and literature, influencing subsequent movements such as Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism, and the New Objectivity. Its emphasis on subjective expression and emotional intensity continues to resonate in contemporary art and culture.