einföldar

The term "einföldar" is derived from Old Norse and translates to "simple ones" or "simplers." It refers to a group of early medieval settlers in Iceland who are distinguished by their less elaborate burial customs compared to other contemporary groups. Archaeological evidence suggests that einföldar burials were characterized by the absence of grave goods, such as weapons, tools, or personal ornaments, which were commonly found in the graves of more prominent individuals.

This distinction has led scholars to infer that the einföldar likely represented a lower social stratum or a specific cultural group that did not adhere to the elaborate funerary traditions prevalent at the time. The reasons for their simpler burials remain a subject of scholarly debate. Some theories propose economic limitations, while others suggest a differing religious or philosophical outlook on death and the afterlife.

The study of einföldar burials provides valuable insights into the social stratification and cultural diversity of early Icelandic society. It highlights that medieval Iceland was not a monolithic entity but comprised various groups with distinct practices and possibly different social standings. Further archaeological research and analysis continue to refine our understanding of this intriguing aspect of Icelandic history.