eihemolyyttiset

eihemolyyttiset is a Finnish term that translates to "hemolytic" in English. It describes a process or condition related to the destruction of red blood cells. Hemolysis is the breakdown of red blood cells, releasing their contents into the plasma. This can occur for various reasons, including both normal physiological processes and pathological conditions.

In a physiological context, red blood cells have a limited lifespan, typically around 120 days. As they age, they become less flexible and more prone to damage. The spleen, liver, and bone marrow are responsible for removing these old or damaged red blood cells through a process that involves hemolysis.

Pathological hemolysis, also known as hemolytic anemia, occurs when red blood cells are destroyed prematurely at an accelerated rate. This can be caused by a variety of factors. Immune-mediated hemolysis happens when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys its own red blood cells. This can be triggered by autoimmune diseases or by reactions to blood transfusions. Non-immune causes include genetic disorders like sickle cell anemia or thalassemia, where the red blood cells have an abnormal structure that makes them fragile. Infections, certain medications, and toxins can also lead to hemolytic anemia by directly damaging red blood cells or by triggering an immune response. The symptoms of hemolytic anemia can vary depending on the severity and cause but often include fatigue, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), and shortness of breath.