dosimetriä

Dosimetria refers to the measurement of absorbed dose of ionizing radiation. This is a critical field in radiation protection, medical physics, and nuclear science, ensuring that exposure to radiation remains within safe limits and that radiation therapies are delivered effectively. The fundamental unit of absorbed dose is the Gray (Gy), which is defined as one joule of energy absorbed per kilogram of matter.

There are various types of dosimeters, each suited for different applications and energy ranges. Personal dosimeters are worn by individuals working with radiation to monitor their cumulative exposure over time. These can include film badges, thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs), and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeters. Environmental dosimeters are used to measure radiation levels in specific locations, such as in nuclear facilities or areas where radioactive contamination may be a concern.

In medical applications, dosimetria is essential for accurately delivering radiation therapy to treat cancer. It ensures that the prescribed dose is precisely targeted at the tumor while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues. Quality assurance of radiation therapy equipment relies heavily on dosimetric measurements to confirm the accuracy and consistency of the radiation beams. Ionization chambers are commonly used as primary standards for calibrating radiation beams in radiotherapy. The development and validation of dosimetric techniques are ongoing, driven by the need for greater accuracy, sensitivity, and real-time monitoring of radiation exposure.