divulgation

Divulgation refers to the act of making information known that was previously hidden, secret, or private. It encompasses the disclosure or dissemination of facts, data, or knowledge to others, the public, or designated audiences. The term is used in various fields, including law, journalism, science communication, business, and government, to describe the process of revealing information.

Etymology: The word derives from Latin divulgare, meaning to make public. It combines di- "apart, widely" with vulgare "to make common," and entered English through legal and scholarly use in the early modern period.

Usage and contexts: In legal settings, divulgation can denote the mandatory or voluntary disclosure of information under statutory duties, court rules, or contracts. In journalism and science communication, divulgation describes efforts to translate specialized knowledge for the general public. In corporate or political contexts, it can refer to whistleblowing, press releases, or official disclosures.

Ethical and practical considerations: Divulgation must balance transparency with privacy, confidentiality, and security. Unauthorized divulgation may breach duties or law and lead to penalties, while over-secrecy can erode trust and hinder accountability.

See also: disclosure, dissemination, divulge, divulgence.