disodiumcitraat

Disodium citrate is the disodium salt of citric acid. It is a white, crystalline or granular powder that is highly soluble in water. The chemical formula is commonly given as C6H6Na2O7 and it is the conjugate base formed by partial neutralization of citric acid with sodium ions. It is used widely as a food additive and is regulated as an acidity regulator and sequestrant in many countries.

In food and beverages, disodium citrate functions primarily as an acidity regulator to adjust and stabilize pH, and as a buffering agent that helps maintain texture and color in processed products. It can also act as a sequestrant, binding metals to improve stability and shelf life. It is designated in the European Union as food additive E331 (disodium citrate) and is approved for use in a variety of products, including dairy, beverages, confectionery, and baking.

In medicine and laboratory settings, disodium citrate serves as an anticoagulant by binding calcium ions, which prevents blood from clotting. It is used in blood collection tubes and certain laboratory procedures. It is also used as a urinary alkalizer and as a source of citrate in some pharmaceutical formulations.

Production typically involves neutralization of citric acid with sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate, or it may be produced via fermentation processes. It is generally regarded as safe for consumption at approved levels, but high intake can increase sodium exposure and may cause gastrointestinal discomfort in sensitive individuals. Proper storage in a cool, dry place helps maintain its stability.