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Dioxins are a group of highly toxic, persistent organic pollutants that are formed as unintended by-products of various industrial processes, including the combustion of organic materials, chemical manufacturing, and waste incineration. They are characterized by their chemical structure, which consists of two benzene rings fused together with an oxygen atom in the center, hence the name "dioxin."

Dioxins are known for their extreme toxicity and persistence in the environment. They can accumulate in the fatty tissue of animals, including humans, and are known to cause a variety of health problems, including chloracne, immune system suppression, and an increased risk of certain cancers. Due to their persistence and toxicity, dioxins are considered to be among the most dangerous environmental pollutants.

The most well-known dioxin is 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD), which is often referred to simply as "dioxin." TCDD is considered the most toxic of the dioxins and is used as a reference compound for measuring the toxicity of other dioxins and dioxin-like compounds.

International regulations and agreements, such as the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, aim to reduce and eliminate the production and use of dioxins. However, due to their persistence and the potential for long-term environmental and health impacts, the control and management of dioxins remains a significant challenge.