digestionen

Digestion is the process by which food is broken down into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and used by the body for energy, growth, and repair. It begins in the mouth with the mechanical breakdown of food by chewing and the chemical breakdown by saliva, which contains enzymes like amylase that start to break down carbohydrates. The food then moves to the stomach, where it is mixed with gastric juices containing hydrochloric acid and pepsin, which further break down proteins. From the stomach, the partially digested food, known as chyme, enters the small intestine. Here, the majority of digestion and absorption occur. Pancreatic enzymes, such as trypsin and lipase, break down proteins and fats, respectively, while intestinal enzymes like lactase break down lactose. Bile from the liver helps emulsify fats, making them easier to digest. Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream through the intestinal walls and transported to cells throughout the body. Any undigested material passes into the large intestine, where water is absorbed and the remaining waste is eliminated from the body. Digestion is a complex process involving mechanical and chemical breakdown, absorption, and elimination, all of which are essential for maintaining health and well-being.