diesem

Diesem is a grammatical form in German. It is the dative singular form of the demonstrative determiner and pronoun stem dies-, meaning "this" or "these." It is used to refer to a specific close object or person in a sentence, especially when the noun is in the dative case or when an indirect object is involved.

Declension and forms

- Dative singular: masculine or neuter = diesem

- Dative singular: feminine = dieser

- Dative plural: = diesen

In full declension, the demonstrative dies- shows distinct endings across cases and genders, for example: Nominative singular masculine dieser, feminine diese, neuter dieses; Accusative singular masculine diesen, feminine diese, neuter dieses; Dative singular masculine/neuter diesem, feminine dieser; Genitive forms include dieses (neuter) and dieser (plural).

Usage notes

- With prepositions that require the dative, such as mit, bei, von, zu, in many contexts you will find forms like mit diesem Auto or in diesem Raum.

- As a demonstrative determiner, diese form directly accompanies a noun: this book = dieses Buch; this man = dieser Mann (nominative). As a pronoun, dies- forms can replace a noun in the dative position when the noun is understood from context, though this is less common with the exact form "diesem" than with other forms.

- The form is closely related to the English "this" and other Germanic relatives (for example, the Dutch dit/deze, and the related root across the family).

Etymology and related forms

Dies- originates from the Germanic demonstrative system and is cognate with similar words in related languages. It is part of the broader family that includes the English "this" and the German der/die/das demonstratives, adapting to gender, number, and case through standard German declension.