dieselbrændstoffets

Dieselbrændstoffet, commonly known as diesel fuel, is a type of fuel oil derived from petroleum. It is primarily used in diesel engines, which are characterized by their compression-ignition system where fuel is ignited by the heat generated from compressing air. The composition of diesel fuel varies depending on the crude oil source and refining process, but it generally consists of heavier hydrocarbons than gasoline, with a higher flash point and boiling range.

Historically, diesel fuel was developed by Rudolf Diesel in the late 19th century for his experimental engine. The fuel's properties, such as its energy density and the efficiency of diesel engines, made it popular for heavy-duty applications like trucks, buses, trains, and ships. It is also used in some passenger cars, particularly in Europe, due to its fuel economy advantages.

The refining process for diesel fuel involves fractional distillation of crude oil. Further treatments, such as hydrotreating, are often employed to reduce sulfur content, which is crucial for meeting environmental regulations and preventing catalyst poisoning in exhaust aftertreatment systems. Sulfur content in diesel is regulated and has been progressively lowered in many regions to mitigate air pollution, such as sulfur dioxide emissions.

Diesel fuel is classified into different grades based on its cetane number, which indicates its ignition quality, and its sulfur content. Higher cetane numbers generally lead to smoother engine operation and easier starting. The use of diesel fuel has significant implications for transportation, industry, and the environment, with ongoing research focused on improving its sustainability and reducing emissions.