diarrhoean

Diarrhoea is a common medical condition characterized by frequent, loose, or watery bowel movements. It is typically defined as having three or more loose stools in a 24-hour period. Diarrhoea can be acute, meaning it lasts for a short duration, usually a few days, or chronic, persisting for four weeks or longer.

The most frequent cause of acute diarrhoea is infection from bacteria, viruses, or parasites, often contracted through contaminated food or water. Other causes can include food intolerances, medications, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. In some cases, the exact cause may not be identifiable.

Symptoms of diarrhoea can vary but commonly include abdominal cramps, bloating, nausea, and a sudden urge to defecate. Dehydration is a significant concern, especially in young children and older adults, due to the loss of fluids and electrolytes. Severe dehydration can lead to serious complications.

Treatment for diarrhoea often focuses on preventing dehydration by encouraging the intake of clear fluids, such as water, broth, or electrolyte solutions. For mild cases, no specific medical treatment may be necessary beyond rehydration. In cases of bacterial infection, antibiotics may be prescribed, although they are not effective against viral causes. For chronic diarrhoea, identifying and managing the underlying cause is crucial. Consulting a healthcare professional is recommended if diarrhoea is severe, persistent, accompanied by fever, blood in the stool, or signs of dehydration.