diamagnetsed

Diamagnetized is a term used to describe a material that has been subjected to an external magnetic field and, as a result, exhibits a magnetic field in the opposite direction. This occurs because the applied magnetic field induces a tiny magnetic dipole moment in the atoms of the material. These induced moments align themselves in opposition to the external field, causing the material to be weakly repelled by the magnet. All materials possess diamagnetic properties to some extent, though in many substances, these effects are masked by stronger paramagnetic or ferromagnetic behaviors.

Diamagnetism is a fundamental property of matter arising from the orbital motion of electrons within atoms. When an external magnetic field is applied, it alters the motion of these orbiting electrons, according to Lenz's Law. This alteration generates a secondary magnetic field that opposes the applied field. The strength of this induced field is proportional to the strength of the applied field and the diamagnetic susceptibility of the material. Materials with a negative and small diamagnetic susceptibility are classified as diamagnetic.

Common examples of diamagnetic materials include water, bismuth, copper, and noble gases. While the diamagnetic effect is weak, it is responsible for phenomena such as magnetic levitation, where a sufficiently strong magnetic field can counteract gravity for diamagnetic objects. Understanding diamagnetism is crucial in various scientific fields, including condensed matter physics and materials science.