dermcidin

Dermcidin is a 47-amino acid peptide antibiotic that is secreted onto the surface of the skin in human sweat. It is a member of the cathelicidin family of antimicrobial peptides. Dermcidin is produced by the salivary glands and is secreted through the ducts onto the skin surface. It is part of the innate immune system, acting as a first line of defense against invading pathogens.

Dermcidin exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, meaning it can kill a wide range of bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Its mechanism of action involves the disruption of microbial cell membranes. Once it binds to the microbial cell surface, dermcidin forms pores, leading to the leakage of essential cellular components and ultimately cell death. This broad activity makes it an important component of the skin's defense against infections.

The expression of dermcidin is regulated by factors such as inflammation and infection. Its presence on the skin surface is constitutive, meaning it is always present, but its production can be upregulated in response to specific stimuli. Studies have investigated dermcidin's potential therapeutic applications, including its use in wound healing and as a topical antimicrobial agent. Research is ongoing to fully understand its complex roles in skin immunity and its therapeutic potential.