derita

Derita is a noun in Malay and Indonesian meaning suffering, hardship, or misery. The word is used to describe physical, emotional, social, or existential distress. It appears in everyday speech as well as literature and journalism and is often contrasted with words for comfort or relief. The related verb menderita means to suffer; the noun derita denotes the state of suffering. The form penderitaan is another common noun for suffering, generally considered more formal or emphatic.

The term can appear in phrases such as derita hidup (the suffering of life), derita batin (emotional or inner suffering), derita rakyat (the people's suffering). It can describe both personal misfortune, such as illness or poverty, and collective hardship, such as political or social hardship. In religious or moral discourse, derita may be discussed in the context of tests, endurance, or compassion.

In modern usage, derita is often part of discussions of social issues, poverty, and humanitarian concerns, as in media reports on derita warga or derita penduduk.

See also: penderitaan, menderita