delayremains

Delayremains is a concept used to describe residual latency after the primary delay event in a system. It denotes the portion of total delay that persists due to downstream processing or system inertia.

It typically appears as the tail of a delay distribution, and is commonly expressed in time units such as milliseconds. It can be continuous or discrete depending on the system.

Causes include buffering and queuing in data paths, pipeline processing, clock synchronization errors, feedback control loops, and variable transmission times in networks. Human reaction time can also contribute in experiments.

Measurement and modelling: Collected from time-stamped logs; latency histograms or survival plots; modelling with distributions like exponential, lognormal, or heavy-tailed. Metrics such as 95th and 99th percentile reveal the impact of delayremains.

Applications: In networking, monitoring tail latency to ensure service level objectives; in audio and multimedia, to maintain synchronization; in neuroscience, to study reaction time distributions; in real-time control, to assess worst-case performance.

See also: latency, jitter, tail latency, queuing theory, network performance.