dekompressiokaasukuplien

Dekompressiokaasukuplien are gas bubbles that form when dissolved gases, primarily nitrogen, come out of solution as ambient pressure falls during ascent from a high-pressure environment. The process is governed by principles of gas solubility and nucleation, and bubbles can develop within tissues (tissue bubbles) or in the bloodstream (intravascular gas emboli).

In diving and other high-pressure activities, inert gas supersaturation during ascent can lead to bubble formation. Factors increasing risk include rapid ascent, long or deep dives, physical exertion, cold temperatures, dehydration, and individual susceptibility. Bubbles can disrupt tissue, provoke inflammation, and obstruct blood flow, with symptoms ranging from joint or muscle pain to dizziness, numbness, weakness, confusion, chest pain, or neurological deficits.

Prevention focuses on controlled ascent and adherence to decompression schedules, whether through dive tables or computer algorithms, and by breathing 100% oxygen during decompression to accelerate inert gas elimination. Training, equipment checks, and awareness of personal limits further reduce risk. In aviation and industrial contexts, managed depressurization and gradual pressure changes similarly aim to limit bubble formation.

Treatment for suspected decompression sickness or gas embolism includes immediate administration of 100% oxygen and prompt recompression in a hyperbaric chamber. Timely treatment improves outcomes, though delayed care can lead to long-term consequences. Ongoing research investigates bubble dynamics, decompression modeling, and strategies to reduce bubble formation and growth.