dördüncü

Dördüncü is the Turkish ordinal adjective meaning the fourth in a sequence. It is used to indicate position or order in relation to other items, people, or events, and it can modify nouns as in dördüncü kat (fourth floor) or dördüncü gün (the fourth day).

Etymology and formation: dördüncü derives from the cardinal number dört (four) plus the ordinal suffix -üncü. Turkish forms ordinal numbers by attaching one of the suffixes -ıncı, -inci, -uncu, or -üncü to the base, chosen according to vowel harmony and other phonological rules. For four, the appropriate form is dördüncü, with the suffix -üncü. This pattern is regular within the Turkish ordinal series, such as birinci (first), ikinci (second), üçüncü (third), and so on.

Usage and examples: as an adjective, dördüncü appears before a noun or as part of a compound expression. Examples include dördüncü katta (on the fourth floor), dördüncü sıradaki kişi (the person in the fourth position), and dördüncü gün başlayacak (the fourth day will begin). In formal or historical writing, dördüncü can also denote the fourth century (dördüncü yüzyıl), although numerals such as IV. yüzyıl are also common in some styles.

Notes: Turkish ordinal numbers agree with the noun they describe in number and are typically written as a single word, though hyphenation can occur in some compounds. The suffix system applies consistently across the cardinal-to-ordinal progression in Turkish, with dördüncü occupying the fourth position in the standard sequence.