découplage

Découplage is a French term that translates to "decoupling" in English. It refers to the separation of two or more things that were previously connected or dependent on each other. This concept is applied in various fields, including economics, physics, and engineering.

In economics, découplage can describe the situation where a country's economic growth is no longer closely tied to the growth of another country or a global trend. For example, if a developing nation's economy begins to expand independently of the economic performance of major industrialized nations, this is referred to as economic découplage. This can occur due to shifts in trade patterns, domestic policy changes, or the emergence of new industries within that nation.

In physics, découplage relates to the separation of systems or components that interact. For instance, in particle physics, certain particles can become "decoupled" from interactions if their mass becomes very large, effectively isolating them from other forces. In engineering, découplage is often employed to improve the performance or stability of a system. For example, in mechanical systems, decoupling can involve using flexible mounts or isolators to prevent vibrations from one part of a machine from affecting another. This helps to reduce noise, wear, and improve overall functionality. The core idea remains the separation of previously linked elements to achieve a desired outcome, whether it be economic independence, physical isolation, or improved system performance.