cytocentrifuge

Cytocentrifuge is a specialized laboratory instrument used to concentrate and deposit cells from a suspension onto a glass microscope slide, forming a monolayer suitable for cytological examination. It is widely employed in clinical cytology and hematology to prepare slides from small-volume samples for microscopic analysis.

Operation relies on a rotor with slide adapters or funnels that hold a defined volume of sample. The sample is often mixed with a fixative or protective medium. During centrifugation, centrifugal force drives cells toward and onto the slide through a porous carrier, producing a uniform cell layer. After spinning, slides are fixed and stained using standard cytology protocols.

Applications include preparation of cells from body fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid, pleural and peritoneal effusions, urine, and sputum, as well as from fine-needle aspirates. The technique yields a monolayer of cells, generally preserving morphology and enabling better assessment of cellular features, compared to conventional smears when sample volume is limited or cell yield is low.

Advantages and limitations: Cytocentrifugation provides higher cell recovery, better preservation of morphology, and reduced overlapping of cells. It may, however, cause some cell distortion if operated at inappropriate g-forces or times, and artifacts can arise from drying or fixation processes. Proper biosafety practices and adherence to staining protocols are essential. Maintenance includes regular cleaning, calibration of rotor speeds, and using compatible fixatives.