csírázást

Csírázás is the Hungarian word for germination, the process by which a plant grows from a seed. This biological process begins when a seed, under favorable environmental conditions, starts to develop into a seedling. The initial stage involves the absorption of water, a process called imbibition, which activates enzymes within the seed. These enzymes then break down stored food reserves, providing the energy and nutrients necessary for growth.

The first visible sign of germination is typically the emergence of the radicle, which is the embryonic root. The radicle grows downwards into the soil, anchoring the seedling and absorbing water and minerals. Following the radicle, the plumule emerges, which develops into the shoot, consisting of the stem and leaves. The cotyledons, or seed leaves, often emerge above the soil surface and may photosynthesize for a short period, or they may remain below ground, serving solely as a source of stored food.

Several environmental factors are crucial for successful csírázás. These include adequate moisture, appropriate temperature, and sufficient oxygen. Light can also be a factor, with some seeds requiring light to germinate while others are inhibited by it. The dormancy period of seeds must also be overcome, which can be influenced by factors like scarification (breaking the seed coat) or stratification (exposure to cold temperatures). The ability of a seed to germinate is known as its viability.