cselekvképessége

Cselekvőképesség, often translated as legal capacity or capacity to act, refers to an individual's legal ability to enter into binding contracts, perform valid legal acts, and assume legal responsibilities. In Hungarian law, this concept is fundamental to determining whether a person can independently manage their affairs and be held accountable for their actions.

Generally, individuals attain full cselekvőképesség upon reaching the age of majority, which is 18 years old in Hungary. Before this age, minors typically have limited or no cselekvőképesség, and their legal acts must be performed through their legal representatives, usually their parents or guardians. However, there are exceptions; for instance, minors may have limited capacity to make certain everyday decisions or enter into contracts related to their upbringing or education.

Cselekvőképesség can also be limited or entirely lost by adults under specific circumstances. If a court determines that an individual, due to mental illness, intellectual disability, or other severe impairment, is incapable of understanding the nature and consequences of their actions or making rational decisions, their cselekvőképesség may be restricted or removed. In such cases, a guardian or curator is appointed to manage the individual's affairs and legal matters. The purpose of this legal framework is to protect vulnerable individuals while also ensuring that legal transactions are conducted with parties who can understand and consent to them.