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Countries which are landlocked countries are those that do not have any direct access to the ocean. These countries are often located inland, surrounded by other countries, mountains, or deserts. As a result, they do not have a coastline and cannot export goods directly to the sea.

There are several countries that are landlocked, including most of the countries in Central Asia, such as Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan. Other landlocked countries include Switzerland, Liechtenstein, and Nepal. Some countries that border international lakes, such as Lake Constance or the Caspian Sea, may also be considered landlocked.

Landlocked countries often face challenges in terms of trade and economic development. Since they do not have direct access to the sea, they rely on neighboring countries to export their goods. This can increase transportation costs and reduce their competitiveness in the global market. Additionally, landlocked countries may struggle to access international markets and participate in global trade.

However, being landlocked can also have some benefits. Many landlocked countries are able to focus on developing their internal infrastructure and diversifying their economy. They may also be able to develop a strong industrial base and benefit from a more stable and predictable economic environment. Furthermore, some landlocked countries are able to develop strong agricultural sectors, which can help to boost their economy.

Examples of successful landlocked countries include Switzerland and Luxembourg, which have developed strong economies and high standards of living despite being landlocked. Overall, being a landlocked country can present both challenges and opportunities for a country's development.