contrappeso

Contrappeso is an Italian term that denotes a counterweight or counterbalance used to offset loads, stabilize motion, or balance torque in mechanical systems. The word derives from con- meaning “with” and appeso meaning “hung,” reflecting its origin in balancing masses.

In engineering and mechanics, a contrappeso typically refers to a mass or weight placed on the opposite side of a pivot, pulley, or linkage to offset a load. This arrangement is common in cranes, elevators, presses, and various damper or lifting systems, where a counterweight reduces the required driving force and smooths movement. In lever systems, a contrappeso provides opposing torque that enables controlled operation with less effort.

In art and sculpture, the standard term for the arrangement of weight and pose is contrapposto, not contrappeso. While discussions of balancing masses or dynamic equilibrium in sculpture may involve concepts of opposing forces, contrapposto specifically describes the human figure standing with most weight on one leg, resulting in a shifted, naturalistic posture. Therefore, contrappeso is not the usual term for the artistic stance; it remains primarily a technical term in mechanics and engineering contexts.

See also: counterweight, counterbalance, contrapposto.