congés

Congés are authorized periods during which an employee may be absent from work. They cover a range of leave types that can be paid or unpaid, depending on the type, the employer, and the jurisdiction. While the concept exists in many countries, the specific rights and procedures are defined by national laws, collective agreements, and individual contracts. Congés are distinct from public holidays, which are calendar days off that may be paid or unpaid according to local rules.

Common types of congés include congés payés (paid annual leave), congé maladie (sick leave), and congés for maternity, paternity, or adoption. Other forms include congé parental d’éducation (leave to care for a child), congé pour formation (education or training leave), and congé sabbatique (long-term leave, often unpaid or partially paid). Some jurisdictions also provide congé pour événements familiaux or bereavement leave. The duration, eligibility, and compensation for these leaves depend on law, contracts, and collective bargaining agreements.

Administration and rights considerations typically involve advance notice, scheduling, and documentation (for example, medical certificates for sick leave). Pay during congés is determined by the type of leave and rules about social security or employer funding; unused leave may be paid on termination in some cases, and carryover rules vary.

Overall, congés serve to protect worker well-being, enable work-life balance, and influence patterns of productivity and employment relationships. They are shaped by national legislation and workplace agreements, reflecting local labor-market practices.