collectiveaction
Collective action refers to actions taken by a group to achieve a goal that would be difficult for individuals to accomplish alone. It covers political participation, social movements, volunteer efforts, and the provision or defense of public goods, and operates at scales from local to global.
A key concept is the collective action problem: although everyone benefits from the outcome, individuals may
The literature offers explanations and remedies. Mancur Olson argued that in large groups individuals often lack
Technology and institutions can facilitate coordination through online platforms for fundraising, information sharing, or distributed production
Examples include labor unions, environmental campaigns, disaster relief efforts, neighborhood associations, and open-source communities.
Despite its benefits, collective action can fail; successful cases typically rely on coherent goals, effective leadership,