coactivator2

Coactivator2 is a eukaryotic nuclear protein that functions as a transcriptional coactivator. It participates in the regulation of RNA polymerase II–transcribed genes by linking sequence-specific transcription factors at enhancers or promoters to components of the transcriptional machinery, including chromatin-modifying enzymes and the Mediator complex.

It is broadly conserved in metazoans and is predominantly nuclear. The protein is predicted to contain activation domains and protein interaction motifs that support assembly of transcriptional regulatory complexes. Alternative splicing can generate isoforms with distinct interaction profiles and subnuclear localization patterns.

Mechanistically, Coactivator2 is recruited to target loci by transcription factors in response to signaling events. It facilitates chromatin access by recruiting histone acetyltransferases and, in some contexts, chromatin remodelers, thereby promoting assembly of the pre-initiation complex and efficient RNA polymerase II engagement.

Coactivator2 interacts with multiple transcription factors and coregulators, including histone-modifying enzymes and components of the Mediator and CBP/p300 families. Its activity is controlled by post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation and acetylation, and by tissue- or stimulus-specific expression of its isoforms.

Biological and disease relevance remains an area of active investigation. In model systems, Coactivator2 influences development, metabolism, and stress responses through broad changes in gene expression. Ongoing research aims to define its full set of target genes, interacting partners, and roles in health and disease.