cellfiber

Cellfiber is a term used in biomaterials and biotechnology to describe fibrous biomaterials produced by living cells or cell-free processes that assemble into continuous fibers at micro- to nano-scale. The concept is used in academic contexts for biofabricated fibers derived from mammalian, plant, or microbial sources and in industrial contexts for sustainable textile or wound-care materials.

Production approaches include culture of cells that secrete robust extracellular matrices which then form fibers, genetic or enzymatic synthesis of polysaccharide or protein fibers, and bioprinting or spinning of extracellular matrix components into continuous filaments. Some research focuses on microbial cellulose or silk-like proteins to form strong, hydrated fibers.

Cellfibers typically have high biocompatibility, excellent water content, and tunable mechanical properties through crosslinking, blending, or mineralization. They can be designed to be biodegradable and resorbable in physiological conditions. Purification and sterilization are important for medical applications.

Potential applications include scaffolds for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, wound dressings, biosensors, and sustainable textiles or composites where biodegradability is desired.

Current work is largely experimental, with challenges including scalable production, uniformity of fiber dimensions, mechanical strength, and regulatory approval for medical use. Research continues to explore material design, surface modification, and integration with living tissues.