carabiner

A carabiner is a portable, curved metal loop with a spring-loaded gate used to connect ropes, harnesses, slings, and protection gear in climbing, rescue, caving, and industrial rope work. It provides a quick, tool-free connection that remains fixed under load. Carabiners are built to withstand forces encountered in fall arrest, belaying, and rope systems.

Most carabiners are aluminum alloys or steel. Aluminum is lightweight and common in recreational climbing, while steel offers greater durability for heavy-use environments. Common shapes include D-shaped, oval, and asymmetric (offset D). The shape influences strength, rope management, and how cross-loading is avoided during use.

Locking and non-locking mechanisms are a key difference. Non-locking carabiners rely on a simple spring gate; locking versions add a screw- or twist-lock sleeve to prevent accidental opening, and some auto-lock designs engage with a single gesture. Gate type (straight vs bent) can affect clipping ease.

Carabiners have specified strength ratings, typically expressed as major-axis, minor-axis, and gate strength. Typical major-axis ratings are around 20 kN, with minor-axis and gate ratings around 7 kN, varying by model and certification. Many comply with EN 12275 and UIAA 101 for climbing and rescue applications.

Care and use: inspect for cracks, corrosion, deformation, or rough gate operation before each use. Never load a carabiner along the minor axis or with the gate open. Keep them clean, lubricate per manufacturer instructions, and retire damaged or excessively worn units.