cabello

Cabello is the Spanish term for hair, referring to the filament that grows from follicles on the skin of humans and other mammals. In everyday Spanish, cabello often denotes hair on the head and is used in more formal or scientific contexts; pelo is a more general term.

Anatomy: Hair consists of a shaft that projects above the skin and a root that resides in a follicle. The shaft is made primarily of keratin, a tough protein, and pigment produced by melanocytes in the follicle determines color. The follicle is linked to sebaceous glands and tiny muscles called arrector pili.

Growth and cycles: Hair grows in cycles, with anagen (active growth), catagen (transition), and telogen (rest). The duration of the anagen phase determines eventual hair length. Scalp hair typically renews every two to six years and grows about 1 to 1.5 cm per month; shedding is normal as cycles progress.

Variation and care: Hair texture ranges from straight to curly, and color from dark to light, influenced by genetics and age. Care includes regular washing and conditioning, protection from heat and UV exposure, and careful handling to minimize breakage. Chemical treatments and excessive heat can damage hair.

Health and conditions: Hair can reflect health and hormone status. Common issues include hair loss (alopecia), dandruff, and scalp dermatitis. Treatments vary by cause and can involve medications, changes in diet, or stylistic care, but persistent problems should be evaluated by a professional.