búzaszemeket

Búzaszemeket, which translates to "wheat grains" in English, refers to the individual kernels of wheat, a cereal grain widely cultivated for its seed. These grains are the primary component of wheat flour, a staple food for a significant portion of the world's population. Wheat is a grass species in the genus Triticum, and the grains are the harvested product. Each búzaszemet is technically a caryopsis, a type of simple dry fruit where the pericarp (fruit wall) is fused with the seed coat.

The structure of a búzaszemet typically consists of three main parts: the bran, the germ, and the endosperm. The bran is the outer layer, rich in fiber and nutrients. The germ is the embryo of the plant, containing vitamins, minerals, and healthy fats. The endosperm is the largest part of the grain and is primarily composed of starch and protein, providing the bulk of the calories. The processing of búzaszemeket into flour involves separating these components to varying degrees. Whole wheat flour, for instance, retains all three parts, while refined flour typically only uses the endosperm. Wheat grains are also used for animal feed, in the production of beer and spirits, and as a source of starch for industrial purposes. Their cultivation dates back thousands of years, making them one of the most important agricultural commodities globally.