bélflóra

Bélflóra, also known as gut microbiota or intestinal flora, refers to the diverse community of microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. This complex ecosystem includes bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, with bacteria being the most abundant and studied component.

The bélflóra plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health and well-being. It assists in digesting complex carbohydrates, synthesizing vitamins such as vitamin K and some B vitamins, and metabolizing dietary compounds. Additionally, the gut microbiota helps regulate the immune system, preventing colonization by pathogenic microorganisms and contributing to the development of immune tolerance.

The composition of bélflóra varies among individuals and can be influenced by factors such as diet, age, environment, medication use (notably antibiotics), and health status. A balanced microbiota is associated with good health, while dysbiosis—an imbalance in microbial communities—has been linked to various conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, allergies, and metabolic disorders.

Research on bélflóra has expanded significantly, highlighting its potential in diagnostics, therapeutics, and personalized medicine. Approaches such as probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation are being explored to restore balance in cases of dysbiosis.

Overall, bélflóra is a vital component of the human body's internal ecosystem, integral to digestion, immune function, and disease resistance. Understanding and maintaining a healthy gut microbiota remains a key focus of modern medical and nutritional science.