bronchiectatic

Bronchiectatic refers to a condition characterized by bronchiectasis, which is a chronic disease that causes permanent enlargement of a portion of the airways, or bronchi, in the lungs. This enlargement leads to a buildup of excess mucus in the lungs, which can make individuals more susceptible to recurrent lung infections. The damage to the bronchi is irreversible, meaning that once the airways are enlarged, they cannot return to their normal size.

The underlying causes of bronchiectasis can vary and often involve a history of severe lung infections, such as pneumonia or tuberculosis. Other contributing factors include cystic fibrosis, primary ciliary dyskinesia, and autoimmune diseases. In some cases, the cause may remain unknown, referred to as idiopathic bronchiectasis.

Symptoms of bronchiectatic disease typically include a chronic cough that produces thick mucus, shortness of breath, wheezing, and recurring lung infections. The severity of symptoms can range from mild to severe, and they may worsen over time. Diagnosis usually involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, imaging tests like a CT scan, and sometimes lung function tests. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms, preventing infections, and improving the quality of life for affected individuals. This often includes airway clearance techniques, antibiotics to treat infections, and in some cases, bronchodilators.