bromoform

Bromoform, or tribromomethane, is a simple halomethane with the formula CHBr3. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid at room temperature with a sweet, ether-like odor. It is highly dense, with limited water solubility, and dissolves in nonpolar solvents. It boils at about 150 °C and decomposes slowly in light.

Occurrence and production: It occurs in trace amounts in the environment and is formed as a byproduct in water disinfection when bromide ions are present. In the laboratory and industry, bromoform can be prepared by the haloform reaction, for example acetone treated with bromine in alkaline solution to yield CHBr3 along with other products.

Uses: It is used as a solvent for fats, waxes and lipids, and as an intermediate in organic synthesis to introduce tribromomethyl groups. It has historical use in various chemical syntheses and in certain analytical applications.

Safety: Bromoform is toxic; exposure can affect the nervous system, liver and kidneys; it is harmful if swallowed or inhaled and may cause irritation to skin and eyes. It is classified as hazardous and should be handled with appropriate protective equipment in a well-ventilated area; it poses risks to aquatic life and is subject to regulation as a disinfection byproduct in water treatment.