bredspårsbanor

Bredspårsbanor, also known as broad gauge railways, are railway lines built with a track gauge wider than the standard gauge of 1,435 millimeters (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in). This wider gauge can offer several advantages, including increased stability, the potential for higher speeds, and the ability to carry heavier loads. However, it also presents challenges, particularly in terms of interoperability with standard gauge networks.

Historically, broad gauge railways were implemented in various regions for different reasons. In Russia, the adoption of a broad gauge of 1,520 millimeters (4 ft 11 2⁄3 in) was partly a strategic decision to hinder foreign invasion. Similarly, Spain and Portugal use a broad gauge of 1,668 millimeters (5 ft 5 2⁄3 in). Ireland also operates on a broad gauge of 1,600 millimeters (5 ft 3 in). These distinct gauges have necessitated the development of specialized rolling stock and infrastructure within their respective networks.

The primary challenge associated with broad gauge railways is the difficulty of direct integration with standard gauge systems. This often requires transshipment of goods or passengers at border points or the use of special gauge-changing facilities. Despite these complexities, broad gauge networks continue to be significant transportation systems in the countries where they are established, contributing to their economic and logistical frameworks.