boshlangan

Boshlangan is a grammatical form in Uzbek that functions as a past passive participle meaning “begun” or “started.” It is derived from the verb boshlamoq (to begin) and is used to indicate that the initiating action has taken place prior to the reference point. As a participial adjective, boshlangan can describe a noun or be used predicatively.

In usage, boshlangan typically appears before a noun to form phrases such as boshlangan ish (the started work) or boshlangan loyiha (the begun project). It can also occur in predicates to state that something has already begun, for example, Ishlar boshlangan. The form agrees with the noun in number: boshlangan ish, boshlangan ishlar.

The nuance of boshlangan is distinct from forms that describe ongoing action. While boshlanmoqda or boshlandi convey that an action is currently in progress or has just started, boshlangan emphasizes that the initiation has already occurred and is relevant to the situation. It does not necessarily imply that the activity is complete; rather, that the starting point has taken place.

Examples:

- Loyiha boshlangan edi. The project had begun.

- Ishlar allaqachon boshlangan. The works have already started.

- Bizning reja boshlangan jarayon bo‘yicha amalga oshmoqda. Our plan is being carried out according to the started process.

See also: Uzbek participles, Turkish and Turkic participle formations, passive voice.