blokkcopolümeer

A blokkcopolümeer, also known as a block copolymer, is a polymer composed of two or more homopolymer blocks. These blocks are chemically linked together, forming a single polymer chain. In a diblock copolymer, there are two distinct homopolymer blocks, denoted as A and B, linked as A-B. Triblock copolymers have three blocks, such as A-B-A or B-A-B. The different blocks are typically incompatible, meaning they do not readily mix at a molecular level. This incompatibility leads to self-assembly behavior, where the blocks segregate into distinct microdomains. The size and arrangement of these microdomains depend on the relative lengths of the blocks and the overall molecular weight.

The self-assembly of block copolymers can result in a variety of ordered nanostructures, including spheres, cylinders, lamellae (layers), and gyroids. These structures are on the nanoscale, typically ranging from a few nanometers to tens of nanometers. The ability to control these nanostructures makes block copolymers valuable in various applications. They can be used as thermoplastic elastomers, where the rigid blocks provide strength and the flexible blocks provide elasticity. They also find use in nanotechnology, for example, as templates for creating nanoporous materials, in lithography for fabricating nanoscale patterns, and in drug delivery systems. The specific properties and self-assembly behavior of a block copolymer are determined by the chemical nature of the constituent blocks and their respective molecular weights.