blockbuster

Blockbuster is a film or media product that achieves unusually high commercial success, typically drawing large audiences, generating substantial box office revenue, and leaving a strong cultural footprint. The term is also used more broadly for high-profile projects with heavy marketing, large budgets, and extensive distribution.

Origin and development: The phrase originated in the mid-20th century as a metaphor from explosive devices capable of destroying a block. In cinema, it came to describe titles expected to dominate markets through wide releases and promotion. Jaws (1975) is widely cited as the first modern blockbuster, with Star Wars (1977) cementing the model of wide release, advertising, and merchandising.

Characteristics: Blockbusters usually feature high budgets, high-concept premises, broad appeal, and international distribution. They rely on wide theatrical releases, long runs, and heavy marketing. They often generate ancillary revenue through merchandising, video games, and theme-park tie-ins, and frequently spawn sequels or franchises.

Impact: Blockbusters influence studio strategies, financing, and talent careers. They can subsidize riskier, smaller projects but may also drive homogenization toward spectacle-driven storytelling and franchise-building.

Examples: Jaws; Star Wars; Titanic; Avatar; Avengers: Endgame; Spider-Man: No Way Home.