blóðþrýstingnum

Blóðþrýstingurinn is the Icelandic term for blood pressure. It refers to the force exerted by circulating blood against the walls of blood vessels, primarily arteries. This pressure is essential for blood circulation, as it drives the flow of blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients to tissues and organs, and removing waste products.

Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and is represented by two numbers. The higher number, known as systolic pressure, indicates the pressure in the arteries when the heart beats (contracts). The lower number, diastolic pressure, represents the pressure in the arteries when the heart rests between beats. For example, a reading of 120/80 mmHg means a systolic pressure of 120 mmHg and a diastolic pressure of 80 mmHg.

Normal blood pressure is generally considered to be below 120/80 mmHg. High blood pressure, or hypertension, occurs when blood pressure is consistently elevated, typically above 130/80 mmHg. Chronic hypertension can lead to serious health problems, including heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, and vision loss, as it places excessive strain on the cardiovascular system. Low blood pressure, or hypotension, occurs when blood pressure is abnormally low, which can cause dizziness, fainting, and in severe cases, shock.

Factors influencing blood pressure include age, genetics, lifestyle choices such as diet and exercise, stress, and certain medical conditions. Monitoring blóðþrýstingurinn regularly is an important aspect of maintaining overall health.