bindningssätt

Bindningssätt, in Swedish, describes the manner in which one chemical species attaches to another. It encompasses the geometry, denticity, and site of attachment that define a molecular interaction. The term is used across chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacology, and materials science to compare how different partners bind and influence each other.

In inorganic and coordination chemistry, a ligand may bind to a metal center in distinct ways. Monodentate ligands attach through a single donor atom, while multidentate ligands (dentate) bind via two or more atoms, often forming stable chelate rings. Ambidentate ligands can bind through different donor atoms or at multiple sites, sometimes selecting a preferred mode. Bridging ligands connect two or more metal centers; μ-bridging describes ligands that link metals and influence cluster structure and catalysis. The overall binding mode affects coordination geometry (for example, octahedral, square planar, or tetrahedral) and reactivity, as well as the stability of the complex (the chelate effect).

In biochemistry and pharmacology, bindningssätt refers to how a molecule interacts with a biological target. Interactions may be non-covalent (electrostatic, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic, van der Waals) or covalent. Binding mode determines affinity and specificity and can be orthosteric (at the active site) or allosteric (at a different site). Inhibitors may bind competitively, non-competitively, or uncompetitively. Bindings can be reversible or irreversible, influenced by conformational changes of the target (induced fit) or conformational selection.

Determination of bindningssätt relies on techniques such as X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, various binding assays, and computational docking. Understanding bindningssätt is essential for catalyst design, drug development, and material science.