bhopa

Bhopa refers to a specific type of folk artist or performer in Rajasthan, India, particularly associated with the performance of epics and narratives through song and visual representation. These performers are traditionally from communities like the Nayak or Sargara. The term "bhopa" itself signifies the role of a priest-like storyteller who invokes deities and narrates heroic tales, often accompanied by a large painted scroll called a phad.

The phad is a textile painting depicting mythological scenes, heroes, and deities. The bhopa uses the phad as a visual aid during their performance, unrolling it section by section as they sing and chant the accompanying stories. The narratives often focus on local heroes and deities, such as Pabuji or Devnarayan, whose exploits are sung in a dramatic and engaging manner. This performance is not merely entertainment; it also serves a ritualistic purpose, often performed in villages to appease deities, seek blessings, or commemorate events.

Bhopas typically perform in temples, village squares, or during religious festivals. Their performances are characterized by a distinctive vocal style, often accompanied by musical instruments like the rāvaṇahatha, a type of bowed string instrument. The tradition of the bhopa and the phad is a significant part of Rajasthan's cultural heritage, preserving ancient narratives and artistic traditions through oral and visual storytelling. While the tradition faces challenges in the modern era, efforts are being made to preserve and promote this unique art form.