beetasalpaajista

Beetasalpaajat, also known as beta-blockers, are a class of medications primarily used to manage cardiac conditions. They work by blocking the effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline, hormones that can increase heart rate and blood pressure. This blockade leads to a slower heart rate, reduced force of contraction, and lower blood pressure.

The most common uses for beta-blockers include treating hypertension (high blood pressure), angina pectoris (chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the heart), and certain arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats). They are also prescribed after a heart attack to improve survival rates and to manage heart failure. Beyond cardiovascular applications, some beta-blockers are used to treat anxiety disorders, migraines, and glaucoma.

There are different types of beta-blockers, categorized by their selectivity for different beta-adrenergic receptors. Non-selective beta-blockers affect both beta-1 and beta-2 receptors, while selective beta-blockers primarily target beta-1 receptors, which are mainly found in the heart. This selectivity can influence their side effect profile.

Common side effects can include fatigue, dizziness, cold extremities, and bradycardia (slow heart rate). In some individuals, they may also cause shortness of breath or erectile dysfunction. Beta-blockers should not be stopped abruptly due to the risk of rebound effects, such as worsening angina or hypertension. Patients should always consult with a healthcare professional for appropriate diagnosis and treatment.