bélobstrukció

Bélobstrukció, also known as intestinal obstruction, refers to a blockage that prevents food or liquid from passing through the small or large intestine. This condition can be caused by a variety of factors, including adhesions from previous surgery, hernias, tumors, inflammatory bowel disease, or volvulus (twisting of the intestine). The severity of symptoms depends on the location and completeness of the obstruction.

Symptoms typically include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, and an inability to pass gas or stool. The pain is often crampy and intermittent, worsening as the obstruction progresses. Vomiting can become fecal-like if the blockage is in the lower intestine. Dehydration and electrolyte imbalances can occur due to the inability to absorb fluids and nutrients.

Diagnosis usually involves a physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or ultrasounds. Treatment depends on the cause and severity of the obstruction. For partial or intermittent obstructions, conservative management with bowel rest, intravenous fluids, and nasogastric decompression may be sufficient. Complete or severe obstructions often require surgical intervention to remove the blockage, repair damaged bowel, or bypass the obstructed segment. Prompt medical attention is crucial to prevent serious complications like bowel perforation, infection, and strangulation.