axónico

Axónico refers to anything related to an axon. An axon is a long projection of a neuron, or nerve cell, that typically conducts electrical impulses known as action potentials away from the nerve cell body. The axon is the primary transmission cable of the nervous system, carrying information from one neuron to another. The term "axónico" can be used to describe structures, processes, or conditions associated with this part of the neuron.

For instance, axónico degeneration is a pathological process where the axon deteriorates. This can occur due to various reasons, including injury, disease, or aging. Axonal transport refers to the movement of molecules and organelles along the axon, a crucial process for maintaining neuronal health and function. Axonal damage can lead to significant neurological deficits, as the transmission of signals is impaired. Understanding axónico structures and functions is fundamental to neurobiology and the study of neurological disorders. The myelin sheath, which insulates many axons, plays a vital role in speeding up signal conduction through a process called saltatory conduction, and issues with myelin can impact axónico function.