autosómico

Autosómico refers to a gene or characteristic that is located on an autosome. Autosomes are any chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes. In humans, there are 22 pairs of autosomes, numbered 1 through 22, and one pair of sex chromosomes (XX for females and XY for males). Genes located on autosomes are inherited in the same way regardless of sex. This means that both males and females have two copies of each autosomal gene, one inherited from each parent.

When a trait is described as autosomally inherited, it signifies that the gene responsible for that trait resides on one of these non-sex chromosomes. The inheritance pattern can be either autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive. In autosomal dominant inheritance, only one copy of the altered gene is needed to express the trait or disorder. In autosomal recessive inheritance, two copies of the altered gene are required for the trait or disorder to be expressed; individuals with only one copy are carriers. Many genetic disorders, such as cystic fibrosis and sickle cell anemia, are autosomally inherited. Understanding whether a gene or trait is autosómico is crucial for genetic counseling, predicting inheritance patterns within families, and diagnosing genetic conditions.