auranofin

Auranofin is an organometallic compound that has been used as a medication to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Its chemical name is (2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-1-thio-β-D-glucopyranosato-S)(triethylphosphine)gold. It belongs to a class of drugs known as gold compounds, which work by modulating the immune system and reducing inflammation. Auranofin is administered orally, typically in tablet form. Its mechanism of action is believed to involve the inhibition of various enzymes, including thioredoxin reductase, and the modulation of cytokine production.

The drug was first approved for use in the United States in 1985. While effective for some individuals, its use has declined over time due to the availability of newer disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) with potentially better safety profiles and different mechanisms of action. Common side effects associated with auranofin include diarrhea, abdominal pain, skin rash, and gastrointestinal upset. More serious side effects, though less common, can include kidney problems and blood disorders. Regular monitoring of blood cell counts and kidney function is often recommended during treatment. The decision to use auranofin is typically made by a healthcare professional based on the individual patient's condition and response to other treatments.