asünkroonmootorina

Asünkroonmootorina is an Estonian term referring to an asynchronous motor, also known as an induction motor. It is a type of AC electric motor where the rotor rotates at a speed less than that of the rotating magnetic field of the stator. This difference in speed is crucial for the motor's operation.

The principle of operation relies on electromagnetic induction. The stator winding, when supplied with AC power, creates a rotating magnetic field. This field induces a current in the rotor conductors. The interaction between the induced rotor current and the stator's magnetic field generates torque, causing the rotor to spin. The rotor speed always lags behind the stator's magnetic field speed, hence the term "asynchronous."

Asynchronous motors are widely used due to their robustness, reliability, and relatively low cost. They come in various types, including squirrel cage induction motors, which are the most common, and wound rotor induction motors. Squirrel cage rotors have a simple construction resembling a cage, while wound rotors have windings similar to the stator, allowing for external resistance to be added for speed and torque control.

Applications for asynchronous motors are vast, ranging from industrial machinery like pumps, fans, and conveyors to household appliances such as washing machines and refrigerators. Their ability to operate directly from the AC power grid without complex starting mechanisms makes them a preferred choice for many general-purpose applications. Maintenance is typically minimal, contributing to their popularity.